Pedogenetikus

Pedogenetikus is an adjective used in soil science to denote relations to pedogenesis, the process by which soils form and develop from their parent material through time. The term stems from pedo- (soil) and genesis (origin), and it is applied to processes, features, or observations that arise from soil formation.

Pedogenesis encompasses the physical, chemical, and biological changes that transform mineral and organic materials into distinct soil bodies. Key processes include weathering of primary minerals, formation of secondary minerals (such as clays and oxides), translocation of materials within the soil profile (eluviation and illuviation), organic matter accumulation, and changes in structure, color, and horizon differentiation. Pedogenetic pathways produce common soil horizons (for example O, A, E, B, and C) and various soil types across climates and parent materials.

The trajectory of pedogenesis is governed by the factors climate, organisms, relief, parent material, and time (often summarized as CLORPT). Different combinations yield a wide range of soils, from podzols and luvisols to andisols and calcisols, each with characteristic pedogenetic features. Understanding pedogenetikus processes aids soil classification, land-use planning, fertility and drainage management, and paleoenvironment reconstruction.

In practice, pedogenetic descriptions inform expectations about fertility, acidity, structure, and horizon stability, guiding agronomic decisions and environmental assessments. While the term is common in European soil science, its English equivalents include pedogenic and pedogenetic, both referring to soil-formation phenomena.