Peccable

Peccable is an English adjective meaning capable of sin or liable to sin; morally fallible. The word derives from the Latin peccabilis, meaning “able to sin,” from peccare “to sin” plus the suffix -bilis, indicating capability or susceptibility. In philosophical and theological contexts, peccable describes beings with free will who may commit sins, as distinct from those considered impeccably sinless.

Usage of peccable is uncommon in contemporary general writing. It is most often found in academic, theological, or historical discussions about human nature, moral responsibility, or discussions of grace and sin. In everyday language, speakers are more likely to use terms such as fallible, human, or prone to error rather than peccable. The related noun peccability denotes the quality or state of being peccable, i.e., the capacity to sin. The related adjective peccant means guilty of sin or morally corrupt, while peccadillo refers to a minor or trivial sin.

In doctrinal discussions, peccability is sometimes contrasted with impeccability or infallibility, depending on the tradition. Impeccability generally denotes absence of sin or fault, whereas peccability acknowledges the possibility of sinning. The term can also appear in broader ethical discussions about the limits of human nature and the degree to which people can be trusted to act righteously.

See also: peccant, peccability, peccadillo, impeccability.