Patenttilaki

Patenttilaki is the area of law that governs the protection of inventions by patents within Finland and in relation to international patent systems. It provides a framework for obtaining and exploiting patent rights, maintaining protection, and resolving disputes related to patents.

Key features of patent law include the grant of exclusive rights to an inventor or their assignee for a limited period in exchange for public disclosure of the invention. Patents are generally intended to encourage invention and investment by granting the right to exclude others from making, using, or selling the patented invention. The core patentability criteria typically require novelty, inventive step (non-obviousness), and industrial applicability, while certain categories or methods may be excluded under national or international rules.

The patent application process can occur through the Finnish Patent and Registration Office (PRH), or via a European patent that is validated in Finland, or through international routes such as the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) leading to national phase entry. Finland is aligned with European Patent Office practices and EU directives, so European patents designating Finland are examined for protection in the country.

Patents generally last 20 years from the filing date, subject to periodic renewal fees and continued compliance with formal requirements. Enforcement of patent rights is typically carried out through civil proceedings, with possible remedies including injunctions and damages. Validity of patents can be challenged through opposition or revocation procedures, at the patent office or in court, and through international mechanisms for European patents.

The patent system in Finland operates within a broader international and European framework, including the EPC and PCT, and is administered by national authorities in conjunction with regional patent offices.