Parodontiitissa

Parodontiitissa, commonly known as periodontitis, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissues and bone that support your teeth. It is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Periodontitis begins as gingivitis, a milder form of gum disease that causes redness, swelling, and bleeding gums. If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress to periodontitis.

In periodontitis, the gums pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that collect food particles and bacteria. As plaque and tartar build up, the toxins produced by bacteria irritate the gums and cause them to recede. This recession exposes more of the tooth and its root. Over time, the bone supporting the teeth can be destroyed.

Symptoms of periodontitis can include persistent bad breath, red or swollen gums, bleeding gums, tender or painful gums, loose teeth, and changes in the way your teeth fit together when you bite. It is often painless in its early stages, which is why regular dental checkups are crucial.

The primary cause of periodontitis is poor oral hygiene, which allows plaque to accumulate. Other contributing factors can include smoking, hormonal changes (like those during pregnancy), diabetes, certain medications, and genetic predisposition.

Treatment for periodontitis typically involves professional dental cleaning to remove plaque and tartar. Deeper cleanings, known as scaling and root planing, may be necessary to remove bacteria from below the gum line. In more severe cases, surgical procedures may be required to repair damaged tissues and bone. Prevention through regular brushing, flossing, and dental visits is key to avoiding this condition.