Parafiinivahojen

Parafiinivahojen, often referred to as paraffin waxes, are a group of petroleum-derived hydrocarbon waxes. They are primarily composed of straight-chain saturated hydrocarbons, or alkanes, with carbon numbers typically ranging from C20 to C40. The exact composition and physical properties of paraffin waxes vary depending on the crude oil source and the refining process used.

Paraffin waxes are typically white, odorless, and tasteless solids at room temperature. They are characterized by their relatively low melting points, which can range from approximately 46°C to 68°C (115°F to 154°F). They are insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents like benzene, ether, and turpentine. Paraffin waxes are also known for their excellent electrical insulating properties and their ability to act as a moisture barrier.

The production of paraffin waxes involves the distillation of crude oil to separate various hydrocarbon fractions. The wax is then typically removed from lubricating oil fractions by chilling and filtration, a process known as dewaxing. Further purification steps, such as sweating and bleaching, are often employed to achieve the desired purity and color.

Paraffin waxes have a wide range of industrial and consumer applications. They are commonly used in the production of candles, as a component in polishes and coatings, in the food industry as a protective coating for fruits and cheeses, and in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries for ointments, lotions, and lip balms. Their use in wax paper, waxed cartons for food packaging, and in various industrial lubricants is also widespread.