Pacifier

A pacifier, also known as a dummy, soother, or binky, is a nipple-shaped device given to infants to suck on for comfort. It typically consists of a teat made of silicone or latex and a shield that rests on the lips to prevent swallowing. Pacifiers can be one-piece or two-piece designs and come in various shapes, including traditional round nipples and orthodontic variations, with different shield styles and size options for age.

Pacifiers are used to calm young children, aid sleep, and provide non-nutritive sucking. They may reduce crying and can offer some comfort during procedures or pain. Hygiene is important: clean and sterilize before first use and regularly thereafter, inspect for wear, and replace if cracked or damaged. Do not attach pacifiers to cords or strings that pose a strangulation risk, and keep them out of reach when not in use. Never dip pacifiers in honey or sugary substances, and avoid heating in microwaves to prevent uneven heating. Mild soap and water is usually sufficient for cleaning.

Breastfeeding and development: Many guidelines suggest delaying pacifier introduction until breastfeeding is well established, typically after the first few weeks. Use during sleep has been associated with a reduced risk of sudden infant death syndrome in observational studies, though evidence is not conclusive. Prolonged use can be linked to dental misalignment and certain ear infections; many clinicians advise gradually weaning as the child approaches age two to three.

Alternatives to pacifiers include comforting techniques such as holding, rocking, or white noise.