Oxigénszegénység

Oxigénszegénység, also known as hypoxia or anoxia in its more severe form, refers to a condition where there is a deficiency of oxygen in a particular environment or within an organism. In environmental contexts, it commonly refers to low oxygen levels in bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans. This can occur naturally due to factors like stagnant water, increased decomposition of organic matter, or thermal stratification. Human activities, however, often exacerbate the problem. Nutrient pollution, primarily from agricultural runoff and sewage, can lead to eutrophication. This process fuels algal blooms, and when these algae die and decompose, they consume large amounts of dissolved oxygen.

The consequences of oxigénszegénység in aquatic ecosystems are significant. Fish and other aquatic organisms require dissolved oxygen to survive. When oxygen levels drop too low, they can experience stress, reduced growth, reproductive failure, and ultimately, mass die-offs. These "dead zones" can devastate local biodiversity and disrupt food webs. In medical terms, oxigénszegénység in a living organism, known as hypoxia, occurs when the body's tissues do not receive enough oxygen. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including respiratory diseases, heart problems, high altitude, or even certain poisons. Severe or prolonged hypoxia can lead to organ damage and be life-threatening.