OverTop

OverTop (often abbreviated OTT) refers to a method of delivering video, audio, and other media content directly to consumers over the Internet, bypassing traditional broadcast, cable, or satellite television platforms. The term combines the prefix “over” with the word “top” to indicate content that travels above existing distribution layers. OTT services may be provided by streaming platforms, subscription services, or free ad-supported services, and are typically accessed on a range of devices including smartphones, tablets, smart TVs, and computers.

The concept emerged in the early 2000s as broadband infrastructure improved and consumer demand for on‑demand content increased. Early pioneers such as Netflix and Hulu adopted the OTT model, offering large libraries of movies and television shows for streaming or downloading. The growth of mobile networks and the proliferation of affordable wearable devices further accelerated the reach of OTT, enabling audiences to view content anywhere and anytime without the constraints of scheduled programming.

OTT content can be distributed in several formats: live streaming (e.g., sports events), linear streaming (channel‑like services such as HBO Max), on‑demand libraries (Netflix), and hybrid models that combine live and on‑demand content. Monetization strategies vary, including subscription‑based (SVOD), advertising‑supported (AVOD), and transactional purchases (TVOD).

Regulatory environments differ worldwide. Some jurisdictions enforce media licensing and content rating requirements for OTT providers, while others treat these services as part of broader telecommunications frameworks. As technology evolves, OTT continues to challenge conventional broadcasters, prompting debates over net neutrality, content control, and consumer choice.