OrthographicCamera

An OrthographicCamera is a type of camera used in computer graphics and 3D rendering that projects objects onto a 2D plane without perspective distortion. Unlike a perspective camera, which simulates how the human eye sees by making distant objects appear smaller, an orthographic camera renders all objects at the same scale regardless of their distance from the camera. This results in a flat, two-dimensional representation where parallel lines remain parallel and shapes do not converge towards a vanishing point.

Orthographic cameras are often employed in applications where precise measurements or a consistent view of scale are important. This includes architectural visualizations, technical drawings, blueprints, and 2D game development. In these contexts, the lack of perspective ensures that the relative sizes of objects are accurately maintained, making it easier to analyze spatial relationships and dimensions.

The view volume of an orthographic camera is typically defined by a rectangular prism. This prism determines the extent of the 3D scene that will be visible in the final 2D projection. Parameters like the camera's position, rotation, and the dimensions of the view frustum (often referred to as left, right, top, and bottom planes, or near and far clipping planes) control what part of the scene is rendered and how it is framed. By adjusting these parameters, developers can control the zoom level and the portion of the scene captured by the camera.