Orkunotkunarmynstur

Orkunotkunarmynstur refers to patterns in how energy is used by households, businesses, and industry, focusing on temporal and sectoral variation. It encompasses diurnal and seasonal cycles, load profiles, and shifts due to technology or policy. It is used to inform energy planning and demand-side management.

The scope includes residential, commercial, industrial sectors, and transport where electricity and fuel consumption patterns are observed. It examines drivers such as climate, income, building stock, appliance efficiency, urban form, and price signals, as well as behavioral aspects and cultural practices around energy use.

Data and methods: data sources include smart meters, billing data, surveys, and panel data. Methods include time-series analysis, regression models, clustering, and machine learning for forecasting and classification of consumption profiles. It also uses load disaggregation (non-intrusive load monitoring) to attribute consumption to appliances.

Applications include utility planning, peak-load management, tariff design, energy efficiency programs, climate resilience, and transit/fleet energy planning. It helps identify high-usage periods, target efficiency investments, and design demand-response events.

Challenges include privacy concerns with granular data, data quality and standardization, cross-country comparability, and the need for harmonized definitions and methods. It is an active area of research in energy policy, urban planning, and behavioral sciences.