Oleoideae

Oleoideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Oleaceae. This subfamily is characterized by its woody nature, with most species being trees or shrubs. The leaves are typically opposite and compound, though simple leaves are found in some genera. The flowers are often small and inconspicuous, lacking petals in many cases, and are usually borne in axillary or terminal panicles or racemes. Pollination is generally entomophilous or anemophilous.

The fruits of Oleoideae are typically drupes or capsules. The subfamily is distributed across tropical and temperate regions worldwide. Notable genera within Oleoideae include Olea, which contains the olive tree (Olea europaea), and Fraxinus, comprising the ash trees. Other important genera include Ligustrum (privet) and Osmanthus. Many species are economically important, providing timber, food (olives), and ornamental value. The subfamily is also known for its ecological role in various forest ecosystems. Research into the phylogeny and taxonomy of Oleoideae continues to refine our understanding of its evolutionary relationships and species diversity.