O2lambdasensor
O2 lambda sensor, commonly called an oxygen sensor or lambda sensor, is a device used in internal combustion engines to monitor the oxygen content of the exhaust gas. It provides feedback to the engine control unit (ECU) to adjust the air-fuel ratio toward the stoichiometric point, helping to optimize fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. The term lambda (λ) denotes the ratio of the actual air-fuel mixture to the stoichiometric air-fuel mixture; a lambda value of 1.0 indicates stoichiometric conditions.
There are two main types of O2 sensors: narrow-band and wideband. Narrow-band sensors respond quickly to changes
Typically, sensors are located in the exhaust system, often in the manifold or catalytic converter region. They
Principles of operation vary by type: narrow-band sensors use a zirconia ceramic element that generates voltage