Nënshkrimi

Nënshkrimi is the writing system used in the Albanian language. It is a modified version of the Latin alphabet and consists of 36 letters, with five additional letters (ç, q, x, r, and ç with a hook above) that are not found in the standard Latin alphabet.

Nënshkrimi emerged during the Ottoman Empire's rule in Albania in the 16th century. It was an adaptation of the Ottoman Turkish Nevâyi script, from which it got its name. The new alphabet was created by Albanian scholars who sought to write their language with a standardized script, bringing the language into line with other European languages.

The creation of nënshkrimi is attributed to several Albanian scholars, including Gjon Buzuku, a Catholic priest, and/or figure(s) known by the single appellation "Gur i llakës" ("The Shepherd of Lekas"), although it is not clear how much credit either of them should be given when comparing these sources. Buzuku wrote the "Meshari", a Catholic prayer book, which is considered the oldest printed book in Albanian, using the nënshkrimi alphabet.

Throughout its history, the nënshkrimi alphabet underwent minor modifications, but it has remained relatively stable. Today, it is used to write both the Latinized version of the Albanian language spoken by the majority of the population, as well as the Tosk variant spoken in southern Albania.

Nënshkrimi is seen as an essential tool for promoting Albanian culture, literature, and education, and has played a significant role in the preservation and development of the Albanian identity.