Näissä

Näissä is a Finnish demonstrative form meaning “in these.” It is the inessive plural form of the pronoun esimerkiksi nä- stems from nämä, which translates as “these.” In Finnish grammar, demonstratives decline for number and case, so näissä marks that the noun it modifies is plural and that the location or context is “in” or “inside” those items or matters.

The form is commonly used to refer to multiple objects, places, or abstract concepts that are within the speaker’s reference frame. It can modify nouns directly, as in näissä kuvissa “in these pictures,” or appear in phrases that describe conditions or contexts, such as näissä asioissa “in these matters.” The inessive case conveys a sense of location or state within something, rather than possession or origin.

Usage notes:

- Näissä is typically used when the speaker wants to point to a set of items that are present or already known in the discourse.

- It contrasts with other case forms of niin, such as näitä (partitive) or näistä (elative/from these), which express different relationships to the same set of items.

- Like other Finnish demonstratives, näissä is flexible in position, often preceding the noun it modifies while sometimes appearing after a determiner or in a compound phrase.

Examples:

- Näissä kuvissa näkyy kaupungin arkkitehtuuri. (In these pictures, the city’s architecture is visible.)

- Näissä asioissa olen samaa mieltä. (In these matters I agree.)

- Näissä oloissa on vaikea työskennellä. (In these conditions it is difficult to work.)