Norovirusta

Norovirusta, also known as norovirus, is a genus of viruses that belong to the family Caliciviridae. These viruses are responsible for causing acute gastroenteritis, commonly referred to as "stomach flu." Noroviruses are highly contagious and can be transmitted through contaminated food, water, or surfaces, as well as through direct contact with an infected person. Symptoms typically include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, which usually last for one or two days. The incubation period is short, ranging from 12 to 48 hours.

Noroviruses are classified into two main groups: G1 and G2. G1 noroviruses are more common and can cause severe illness, particularly in young children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems. G2 noroviruses are less common but can also cause significant illness. The virus is highly resistant to common disinfectants and can survive on surfaces for extended periods, making it difficult to eliminate from environments.

Prevention of norovirus infection involves good hygiene practices, such as frequent hand washing, avoiding close contact with infected individuals, and practicing safe food handling. There is no specific antiviral treatment for norovirus infection, and management focuses on relieving symptoms and promoting hydration. Supportive care, including oral rehydration solutions, can help prevent dehydration and complications. Vaccines are not currently available for norovirus, but ongoing research aims to develop effective preventive measures.