Nnormalbutylamine

Normalbutylamine, also known as *n*-butylamine, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₄H₁₁N. It is a colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a strong ammonia-like odor, commonly used as a building block in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and various industrial chemicals. The compound belongs to the class of aliphatic amines, characterized by the presence of a nitrogen atom bonded to an alkyl group.

N-butylamine is produced industrially through the hydrogenation of nitriles, such as butyronitrile, or via the reductive amination of butanal. It can also be derived from the reaction of butyl halides with ammonia or amines. The compound is miscible with water and many organic solvents, making it versatile for chemical reactions.

In industrial applications, *n*-butylamine serves as a precursor in the manufacture of rubber accelerators, corrosion inhibitors, and surface-active agents. It is also employed in the production of certain dyes, herbicides, and pharmaceutical intermediates, including some local anesthetics and antihistamines. Due to its reactivity, it is often handled under controlled conditions to prevent unwanted side reactions.

Safety considerations are important when working with *n*-butylamine, as it is flammable and can cause skin and eye irritation. Prolonged exposure to its vapors may lead to respiratory issues, and it is classified as a hazardous substance. Proper ventilation and protective equipment are recommended when handling the compound.

The compound’s physical properties include a boiling point of approximately 77–78°C and a density of around 0.74 g/cm³ at room temperature. Its stability is generally good under normal conditions, though it may decompose upon exposure to strong oxidizing agents or high temperatures.