Nitriilrühmad

Nitriilrühmad, also known as cyano groups, are functional groups with the chemical formula CN. This group consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom. The carbon atom in the nitriilrühm is bonded to the rest of the molecule. Nitriilrühmad are commonly found in organic chemistry and are characterized by their linear geometry and high polarity due to the electronegativity difference between carbon and nitrogen. The triple bond between the carbon and nitrogen atoms makes the nitriilrühm a relatively stable functional group, but it can undergo various chemical reactions.

Key reactions involving nitriilrühmad include hydrolysis, reduction, and addition reactions. Hydrolysis of nitriilrühmad can yield carboxylic acids or amides, depending on the reaction conditions. Reduction can lead to the formation of primary amines. Nitriilrühmad are important intermediates in the synthesis of many organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and polymers. For example, acrylonitrile, a monomer containing a nitriilrühm, is used to produce acrylic fibers and plastics. The presence of a nitriilrühm can significantly influence the physical and chemical properties of a molecule, such as its solubility and reactivity.