Nikotiinihapons

Nikotiinihapons, also known as nicotinic acid or niacin, is a B vitamin, specifically vitamin B3. It is an essential nutrient for humans and plays a vital role in metabolism. Nikotiinihapons is found in various foods such as meat, fish, poultry, eggs, dairy products, legumes, nuts, and fortified cereals. It is also synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan.

The primary function of nikotiinihapons is to act as a precursor to coenzymes NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). These coenzymes are crucial for hundreds of biochemical reactions, including energy production, DNA repair, and the synthesis of fatty acids and steroids. A deficiency in nikotiinihapons can lead to pellagra, a disease characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.

In medical contexts, high doses of nikotiinihapons are sometimes used to treat high cholesterol levels, particularly elevated LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and to raise HDL cholesterol. However, this use can be associated with side effects such as flushing, itching, and gastrointestinal upset. It is important to consult a healthcare professional before using nikotiinihapons for medicinal purposes. The recommended daily intake varies based on age, sex, and other factors.