Nickelbased

Nickel-based materials are alloys in which nickel is the principal constituent, chosen to improve strength, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature performance. These alloys are designed to retain ductility and toughness at elevated temperatures and under reactive environments. A common strategy is alloying nickel with chromium, iron, cobalt, molybdenum, tungsten, aluminum, titanium, or niobium to create solid-solution strengthening and, in some cases, age-hardened precipitates such as gamma-prime Ni3(Al,Ti).

Nickel-based superalloys are among the most important classes, achieving high creep resistance and fatigue life for turbine engines and power plants. They include commercial families such as Inconel, Hastelloy, and Rene/Inconel series, which differ in their corrosion resistance and temperature capability.

Applications span aerospace gas turbines, land-based turbines, chemical processing equipment, oil and gas, marine, and nuclear industries. In addition to structural alloys, nickel is used for catalysts (for example Raney nickel and various supported nickel catalysts) and coatings.

Processing methods include conventional casting and wrought processing, as well as powder metallurgy and additive manufacturing, which enable complex shapes and controlled microstructures for high-temperature service.

Nickel-based materials generally exhibit excellent oxidation and sulfidation resistance, and many alloys form protective oxide scales at high temperatures. However, nickel compounds and dust can cause allergic reactions and toxicity; handling requires appropriate controls.