Neurotrophin3

Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors that regulate neuronal survival, development, and function. It is encoded by the NTF3 gene and is expressed in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as in various non-neural tissues during development.

NT-3 is produced as a precursor, proNT-3, which is proteolytically processed to the mature neurotrophin and secreted. The mature NT-3 binds with high affinity to the TrkC receptor and can activate other Trk receptors at lower affinity, with all neurotrophins capable of signaling through the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Through TrkC signaling, NT-3 promotes neuronal survival, differentiation, and maintenance, and participates in the maturation of sensory and proprioceptive pathways and in synaptic development and plasticity in both the CNS and PNS.

During development, NT-3 influences the survival and growth of various neuron populations, and it contributes to target-derived support for innervating neurons. In adulthood, NT-3 continues to modulate synaptic strength and plasticity and supports ongoing neuronal maintenance in select circuits.

NT-3 has been investigated in preclinical models of nerve injury and neurodegenerative conditions, with recombinant NT-3 showing potential to enhance repair processes in animal studies. While research has explored its therapeutic potential, no NT-3–based therapy is currently approved for clinical use.