Neumark

Neumark, meaning "New March" in German, is a historical region name referring to the eastern frontier of the medieval Margraviate of Brandenburg. Located east of the Oder River, the Neumark formed as Brandenburg expanded eastward during the High and Late Middle Ages and functioned as a border march to secure eastern territories.

Throughout its history, Neumark was governed as part of the Electorate and later the Kingdom of Brandenburg, and from the 18th century onward within the Prussian state as part of the Province of Brandenburg. Its boundaries shifted with wars and treaties, and by the 19th century the region comprised several districts that would, after World War II, be largely reorganized under Polish administration.

Following World War II and the Potsdam Conference, much of the Neumark east of the Oder–Neisse line was placed under Polish administration. The German population was largely expelled, and the area was repopulated with Poles. Today the historical territory that bore the name Neumark is no longer an administrative unit; it lies within modern Poland, chiefly in the Lubusz Voivodeship and parts of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, with connections to areas around Frankfurt (Oder) and its surroundings.

In historical literature, Neumark often denotes the eastern Brandenburg frontier rather than a current political entity. The term is used in discussions of Brandenburg’s territorial expansion, Prussian border policy, and the postwar border changes that shaped present-day Poland and Germany.