Neoplázia

Neoplasia, also known as neoplasm, is a general term used in biology and medicine to describe any new and abnormal growth of tissue. These growths can occur in any part of the body and are characterized by uncontrolled cell division, which can lead to the formation of tumors. Neoplasia can be further classified into two main categories: benign and malignant.

Benign neoplasms, or tumors, are generally non-cancerous and do not spread to other parts of the body. They are usually encapsulated, meaning they are surrounded by a layer of tissue that separates them from the surrounding normal tissue. Benign tumors can be removed surgically without causing harm to the surrounding tissue.

Malignant neoplasms, on the other hand, are cancerous and can invade and destroy nearby tissues. They can also spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis. Malignant tumors are often more aggressive and can be life-threatening if not treated.

The causes of neoplasia are not fully understood, but they can be influenced by a variety of factors, including genetic mutations, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing and potentially curing benign and malignant neoplasms. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy, depending on the type and stage of the neoplasm.