NRTK

NRTK stands for Network Real-Time Kinematic, a GNSS positioning technique that uses a network of reference stations to provide real-time corrections to a rover. Instead of relying on a single base station, NRTK computes corrections at multiple stations across a region and interpolates them to the rover’s location. This can be implemented through technologies such as a virtual reference station (VRS) or a grid-based correction field, and the corrections are typically delivered to the rover via cellular data links, radio, or other communication networks.

Compared with traditional single-base RTK, NRTK aims to improve accuracy, reliability, and availability over larger areas. By accounting for common errors (notably atmospheric delays) across the network, NRTK can reduce baseline length limitations and enable faster ambiguity resolution. Typical architectures include regional networks of continuously operating reference stations, a master station that computes corrections, and the broadcast of network corrections to rovers. Accuracy in NRTK is commonly at the centimeter level for horizontal positioning in real time, with vertical accuracy often somewhat less stable, and performance dependent on network density, geometry, and communication latency.

Applications of NRTK span surveying, construction, precision agriculture, mapping, geodesy, and autonomous navigation. Limitations include dependency on a functioning communication link and network coverage, the need for compatible GNSS receivers and software, and potential latency or reliability issues in areas with poor connectivity or under challenging signal conditions.