Mootor

Mootor is a device that converts energy into mechanical motion. The term covers a range of technologies that produce rotation or linear movement to drive equipment, from household appliances to industrial machines. In languages such as Estonian, mootor is the standard word for motor or engine.

Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy by electromagnetic interaction between stator magnets and rotor windings or permanent magnets. They are widely used in fans, pumps, household tools, and transportation, including electric vehicles. They are categorized as alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) motors and vary in speed control, torque, and efficiency.

Internal combustion engines burn fuel to produce mechanical work. They power most cars, trucks, airplanes, and many generators. They require air, fuel, ignition, and cooling, and they emit pollutants and greenhouse gases whose impact depends on design, fuel, and operating conditions.

Hydraulic and pneumatic motors use pressurized fluid or compressed air to create motion. They deliver high torque at low speeds and are common in heavy equipment, machine tools, and robotics. Stepper and servo motors provide precise positioning for automated systems.

Performance depends on efficiency, heat management, lubrication, and control methods, such as electronic drives for electric motors. Ongoing development in materials, magnets, power electronics, and energy storage aims to improve efficiency, reduce size and weight, and lower environmental impact.