Monostage

Monostage is a term used to describe a type of rocket engine or propulsion system that uses a single stage of combustion to generate thrust. This contrasts with multi-staged rockets, which use multiple combustion chambers or engines in a series to achieve a higher overall thrust-to-weight ratio.

In a monostage rocket engine, all the propellants and components are combined in a single chamber where the combustion process takes place. The hot gases produced by the combustion reaction are then expelled through a nozzle, generating thrust. This type of engine is often simpler and more compact than multi-staged systems, as it eliminates the need for multiple combustion chambers and connecting piping.

Monostage engines are used in a variety of applications, including launch vehicles, satellite propulsion systems, and even some model rockets. They are particularly useful for short-term or small-scale propulsion needs, as they can provide a reliable and consistent thrust output without the added complexity and weight of multi-staged systems.

Despite their simplicity, monostage engines can be optimized for specific applications to achieve high efficiency and performance. Some modern monostage engines use advanced materials and designs to improve their specific impulse and thrust-to-weight ratio, making them a viable option for space and rocket propulsion applications. However, the main limitation of monostage engines is their relatively low thrust output compared to multi-staged systems, which can limit their use in certain applications.