Monopoly

Monopoly is a board game in which players buy, trade, and develop properties to collect rent from opponents, with the goal of driving others into bankruptcy. Originally conceived by Elizabeth Magie as The Landlord's Game in 1903 to illustrate property monopolies, the game was redesigned by Charles Darrow and published by Parker Brothers in 1935. It has become one of the best-selling board games worldwide and a cultural icon.

Gameplay unfolds on a square board featuring property groups, railroads, utilities, and various Chance and Community Chest cards. Players roll two dice to move; landing on an unowned property allows purchase, or the space is auctioned if declined. Owning a complete color group enables building houses and later hotels to increase rent. The goal is to accumulate wealth and bankrupt opponents.

Money management and strategy are central. The supply includes fixed numbers of houses and hotels, and rent levels depend on property color and development. Special spaces such as Jail, Free Parking, and Go affect movement and cash flow. Players may trade properties to complete monopolies. The game ends when all but one player are bankrupt.

Monopoly has spawned numerous editions, themed variants, and digital versions for computers and mobile devices. It has influenced popular culture, inspired fan-made variants, and faced criticism related to capitalism and gambling aspects. Hasbro now owns the rights and continues to publish new editions and licensed adaptations.