Monoperoxovanadates

Monoperoxovanadates are inorganic compounds containing the monoperoxovanadate anion, [VO(O₂)]⁻. This anion features a vanadium atom in the +5 oxidation state coordinated to one oxo ligand (O²⁻) and one peroxo ligand (O₂²⁻). The peroxo ligand is a bidentate ligand, meaning it binds to the vanadium center through both oxygen atoms. These compounds are typically synthesized by reacting vanadate salts, such as sodium metavanadate, with hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous or organic solvent. The reaction is often carried out under mildly acidic or neutral conditions to stabilize the peroxo species.

Monoperoxovanadates are known for their oxidizing properties. The peroxo ligand is a source of reactive oxygen species, making these compounds useful as catalysts in various oxidation reactions. They have been employed in epoxidation of alkenes, oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides, and other selective oxidation processes. The stability of monoperoxovanadates can vary depending on the counterion and the reaction conditions. They are generally more stable in anhydrous organic solvents than in water, where hydrolysis can occur. Research continues to explore their catalytic activity and potential applications in organic synthesis and other chemical transformations.