Molarna

Molarna is the Swedish term for the molars, the rearmost teeth in the human mouth. Molars are specialized for grinding and crushing food, forming the final phase of mechanical digestion before swallowing.

In permanent dentition, adults typically have 12 molars: three in each quadrant of the mouth—the first molar, the second molar, and the third molar. The first molars usually erupt around age six, the second molars around age twelve, and the third molars, commonly known as wisdom teeth, emerge in late adolescence or early adulthood and are frequently impacted or removed.

In the deciduous (baby) dentition, there are four primary molars—two in each quadrant—before they are replaced by premolars as part of the transition to the permanent set. No primary molars are replaced by permanent molars; instead, premolars take the place of the primary molars, while the first and second permanent molars erupt behind the primary teeth.

Anatomically, molars have broad crowns with multiple cusps and a large occlusal (biting) surface designed for grinding. Upper molars typically have three roots (two buccal and one palatal), while lower molars usually have two roots. The internal structure includes enamel, dentin, pulp, and cementum, with the pulp chamber providing nerves and blood supply.

Common clinical considerations involve dental decay on the occlusal pits, periodontal health around the roots, and the tendency of third molars to become impacted. Proper oral hygiene and regular dental checkups are important for maintaining molar function and overall oral health.