Modulokhoz

Modulokhoz is a type of housing complex in Russia that originated in the 1960s. The term "modulokhoz" is a combination of two Russian words: "modul'nyi," meaning "modular," and "khoz," meaning "dacha" or "country house." These complexes were designed to provide affordable, prefabricated housing for workers and families in rural areas.

The concept of modulokhoz was first implemented in the Arkhangelsk Oblast in the 1960s as part of a larger effort to improve living conditions in rural Russia. The housing complexes were built using pre-fabricated modules, which were transported to the site and assembled quickly and efficiently. The first modulokhoz complexes were designed to accommodate families of workers in the logging and forestry industries.

Modulokhoz housing complexes typically consist of rows of identical modules, usually arranged in a grid pattern. Each module serves as a small apartment, often with one or two rooms, a kitchen, and a bathroom. The complexes also often feature shared communal facilities, such as laundry rooms, heating systems, and storage spaces.

The modulokhoz system was designed to be flexible and adaptable, with modules that could be rearranged and modified as needed. The use of prefabricated modules reduced construction costs and allowed for faster completion of projects. However, the modulokhoz system was also criticized for its uniformity and lack of individuality. The complexes were often seen as anti-architectural and lacking in aesthetic appeal. Despite these criticisms, the modulokhoz system played an important role in providing affordable housing for millions of people in rural Russia.