Mimique

Mimique is the French term for mimicry, the resemblance of one organism, object, or behavior to another that is exploited for advantage. In biology, mimicry is a widespread strategy used to avoid predation, secure prey, or facilitate pollination. It can be visual, chemical, vocal, or behavioral and often arises through natural selection.

There are several principal forms. Batesian mimicry occurs when a harmless species imitates a harmful or unpalatable one to deter predators. Müllerian mimicry involves two or more harmful species that converge on a common warning signal, reinforcing avoidance in predators. Aggressive mimicry is used by a predator or parasite that imitates something attractive or harmless to approach its prey. Automimicry, or intraspecific mimicry, describes individuals displaying traits that imitate other individuals of the same species, sometimes to mislead rivals or mates. In some groups, mimicry rings exist, where multiple species share similar warning patterns and benefit from the collective signal.

Mechanistically, mimicry relies on coloration, pattern, scent, movement, and behavior that converge on recognizable cues for the target observer. Its study informs understanding of evolution, predator-prey dynamics, and the organization of ecosystems, illustrating concepts such as frequency-dependent selection and convergent evolution.

In addition to biology, mimique in French can refer to facial expression or mime, reflecting a separate, non-biological sense of imitation.

Examples include harmless insects or snakes resembling toxic models, and orchids that imitate pollinator signals to lure specific insects.