Mikrofonnivåsignaler

Mikrofonnivåsignaler refers to the very low voltage signals produced by microphones. These signals are typically measured in millivolts (mV). Because they are so weak, they require a preamplifier to boost them to a usable level, often called line level. This amplification is necessary to overcome noise that would otherwise be introduced during subsequent processing and transmission.

Microphone level signals are characterized by their high impedance and unbalanced or balanced connections. Balanced connections, using XLR or TRS connectors, are preferred for microphone signals as they help to reject common-mode noise, such as hum and interference picked up by the cables. Unbalanced connections, often found with RCA or TS connectors, are more susceptible to noise.

The dynamic range of a microphone level signal is also a consideration. Microphones can capture a wide range of sound pressure levels, from very quiet to very loud. The preamplifier must be able to handle this range without distorting the loudest sounds or being overwhelmed by noise at the quietest. Professional audio equipment uses high-quality preamplifiers designed to preserve the integrity of the microphone's output. The term "phantom power" is also closely associated with microphone level signals, as it is a DC voltage supplied to condenser microphones to power their internal electronics.