Mikrocytisiä

Mikrocytisiä is a term used in hematology to describe red blood cells that are smaller than normal. This finding is typically identified through a complete blood count (CBC), which measures various components of the blood, including the size and number of red blood cells. Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues.

Microcytosis itself is not a disease but rather a laboratory finding that indicates an underlying condition. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is a specific measurement on the CBC that quantifies the average size of red blood cells. An MCV value below the normal reference range indicates microcytosis.

Several conditions can lead to microcytosis. The most common cause is iron deficiency anemia, where the body lacks sufficient iron to produce adequate amounts of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Other causes include thalassemia, a genetic disorder affecting hemoglobin production, and certain chronic diseases that can interfere with iron metabolism. Less frequently, microcytosis can be seen in cases of sideroblastic anemia or lead poisoning.

The clinical significance of microcytosis depends on its underlying cause. Diagnosis often involves further blood tests to identify the specific reason for the small red blood cells. Treatment is then directed at the underlying condition. For example, iron deficiency anemia is treated with iron supplementation. Understanding the cause of microcytosis is crucial for effective management and to prevent potential complications.