Microcarnivores

Microcarnivores are small-bodied carnivores whose diets are dominated by small prey, such as insects, spiders, and tiny vertebrates. The term describes an ecological niche rather than a formal taxonomic group, occupying a position between insectivores and larger mesocarnivores in trophic structure.

Size and distribution: They tend to be small—often weighing under 1 kilogram, with many species only tens of grams. They occur in a wide range of habitats, from forests and grasslands to deserts and urban areas.

Diet and foraging: Foraging strategies emphasize speed, agility, and stealth. Many are nocturnal or crepuscular. Diet is primarily animal matter, but some opportunistically consume eggs, carrion, or fledglings.

Morphology and physiology: Adaptations include sharp canines and slicing premolars, curved claws, and keen senses (such as hearing and whiskers) that help locate small prey. High metabolic rates support rapid, energy-demanding foraging.

Examples and scope: In mammals, small mustelids such as weasels and stoats are classic microcarnivores. Across taxa, microcarnivory is found in various small predators that specialize on small prey, occupying a niche between pure insectivory and larger carnivory.