Mehiläisvahoina

Mehiläisvahoina is a Finnish term that translates to "beeswax moth" in English. It refers to a type of moth belonging to the family Tineidae, specifically those species that are known to infest beehives. The most common species associated with this term is Galleria mellonella, the greater wax moth.

These moths are often considered pests by beekeepers because their larvae feed on beeswax, honeycombs, and pollen found within the hive. The larvae tunnel through the comb, creating silken tubes as they feed, which can weaken the hive structure and destroy the stored honey and brood. Adult wax moths do not feed; they are primarily focused on reproduction.

The life cycle of the wax moth involves eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults. The female moth lays her eggs in cracks and crevices of the beehive. Upon hatching, the larvae begin their destructive feeding. After several larval instars, they pupate, often in a silken cocoon spun on the outside of the comb or on wooden surfaces of the hive.

While considered a pest, wax moths also play a role in the natural ecosystem. In wild bee colonies, their presence can help break down old or diseased comb, making way for new growth. In some cultures, the larvae of Galleria mellonella have been used in traditional medicine or as a food source. Research has also explored their potential for bioremediation, as they can digest certain types of plastic. Beekeepers employ various methods to control wax moth infestations, including proper hive management, sanitation, and sometimes the use of specific treatments.