Medulloblastomien

Medulloblastomien, also known as medulloblastomas, are a type of malignant tumor that originates in the cerebellum, a region of the brain responsible for coordination, balance, and motor control. These tumors are the most common malignant brain tumors found in children, though they can occur in adults as well. Medulloblastomas are embryonal tumors, meaning they arise from primitive cells that are normally present during fetal development and typically disappear after birth. The exact cause of medulloblastomas is not fully understood, but genetic factors are believed to play a role.

Symptoms of medulloblastoma can vary depending on the tumor's location and size, but often include headaches, nausea, vomiting, and problems with balance and coordination. In some cases, increased intracranial pressure can lead to vision disturbances and changes in behavior. Diagnosis typically involves imaging techniques such as MRI or CT scans, followed by a biopsy to confirm the presence of medulloblastoma and determine its specific subtype.

Treatment for medulloblastoma is multi-modal and often includes surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The prognosis for medulloblastoma has improved significantly over the years due to advancements in treatment, but it remains a serious disease. The specific treatment plan and outcome depend on factors such as the patient's age, the extent of the tumor, and its molecular characteristics. Ongoing research continues to explore new therapeutic strategies to improve survival rates and reduce long-term side effects.