Mbikëqyrjeje

Mbikëqyrjeje is the Albanian term for oversight or supervision, referring to the processes and mechanisms used to monitor, regulate, and hold organizations and individuals accountable for their actions. It encompasses monitoring performance, ensuring compliance with laws and standards, and providing corrective guidance when necessary.

In government, mbikëqyrjeje describes the activities of watchdog agencies, parliamentary committees, and independent regulators tasked with supervising public programs, budget usage, and sector-specific operations. In the private sector, it includes corporate governance, internal and external audits, risk management, and compliance programs designed to ensure ethical conduct, financial integrity, and safety.

Mechanisms of mbikëqyrjeje include formal investigations, audits, reporting requirements, licensing and accreditation processes, and the right of independent bodies to sanction or recommend corrective action. Effective mbikëqyrjeje relies on clear mandates, transparency, adequate resources, and protections for whistleblowers and witnesses.

Challenges in mbikëqyrjeje include ensuring independence of oversight bodies, avoiding conflicts of interest, preventing bureaucratic capture, and balancing oversight with operational autonomy. The concept stresses accountability and quality across public and private institutions, aiming to improve performance while safeguarding rights and public trust.

Etymology: mbikëqyrjeje derives from mbi- meaning over, and qyrje meaning inspection or looking. Related concepts include governance, accountability, and compliance.