Mattness

Mattness, the quality of having a matte finish, describes a surface that lacks gloss and reflects light diffusely rather than specularly. A matte surface scatters light in many directions, producing a soft, non-shiny appearance, in contrast to glossy or satin finishes that reflect light more directionally. The term is used across art, coatings, printing, and consumer products.

Mattness is achieved by increasing microscopic surface roughness or by using binders and pigments that diffuse light. Common methods include matte varnishes, matte paints, and specially formulated coatings; certain papers and films are treated to reduce glare. Gloss level is measured with a gloss meter, where lower readings indicate higher mattness; the measurement can vary with incident angle and lighting.

Applications include painting, interior and exterior coatings, automotive and architectural finishes, and printing and photography to minimize glare. In cosmetics, powders and foundations use mattness to reduce shine. On electronic displays, matte or anti-glare coatings reduce reflections, improving legibility in bright environments.

Advantages of mattness include glare reduction, a muted color appearance, and better visibility of textures and brushwork. Disadvantages can include greater susceptibility to scuffing and fingerprints, reduced washability, and a tendency to appear dull or uneven as it wears. Durability and cleanability depend on the formulation and substrate.

In practice, mattness is defined by the balance between diffuse and specular reflection and is influenced by material composition, surface texture, and lighting. It remains a common finish in art, design, and product manufacture for its aesthetic and functional properties.