Mandalas

A mandala is a geometric configuration that represents the cosmos in Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and other spiritual traditions. The term comes from Sanskrit maṇḍala, meaning circle, though mandalas can be circular, square, or more complex constructions.

In Hinduism, mandalas appear in temple diagrams, yantras, and ritual iconography. They are often used as microcosms of the universe and as focal points for meditation and devotion.

In Buddhism, mandalas function as meditative aids and ritual objects. Tibetan sand mandalas, painstakingly created and then destroyed, symbolize impermanence. Mandalas commonly depict a central deity or enlightened principle surrounded by geometric patterns and symbolic realms.

Mandalas typically feature a central point (bindu) from which radiate circles, squares, and decorative motifs such as lotus petals and wheels. The symmetrical, radial layout embodies balance, unity, and the interconnection of elements.

In modern usage, mandalas appear in art therapy and mindfulness practices, as well as in secular artwork and popular coloring books. While some contexts retain religious significance, many contemporary mandalas are appreciated for their aesthetic and meditative qualities.