Manchus

The Manchus, also known as the Manchu people or Manchu ethnic group, are an ethnic group native to the northeastern region of China, particularly the historical Manchu Plain in what is now the province of Jilin. They are one of the major ethnic groups in China, with a distinct cultural heritage that has significantly influenced the country’s history, particularly during the Qing Dynasty.

The Manchu people are traditionally associated with the Aisin Gioro clan, which ruled China from 1644 to 1912 as the Qing Dynasty. The Manchus were originally a nomadic people who adopted sedentary agriculture and settled in the region over time. Their language, Manchu, belongs to the Tungusic language family and is distinct from Chinese. The Manchu script, developed in the 17th century, was used alongside the Chinese writing system during the Qing period.

Culturally, the Manchus are known for their traditional clothing, which included the *qipao* (a modern Chinese dress) and the *cheongsam*, as well as their distinctive hairstyles, such as the *queuing*, a long braid worn on the back. Their history is marked by periods of expansion, including the conquest of Ming China in 1644, which established the Qing Dynasty. The Manchus also played a crucial role in the Opium Wars and other conflicts with Western powers.

Today, the Manchu people are a minority group in China, with a population of around 1.5 million. They maintain cultural traditions, including festivals like the *Manchu New Year* and the *Dragon Boat Festival*. While their political influence has diminished since the 20th century, their cultural and historical legacy remains an important part of China’s identity.