Maalipinnan
Maalipinnan refers to the painted surface of an object, produced by applying paint to a substrate. In Finnish art history and conservation, it denotes the visible layer that results from one or more painting operations and may include varnish or glaze layers on top. The term emphasizes the surface as a material and visual feature, not only the pigment itself.
In practice, maalipinnan can be created with various media. Oil paint on canvas or wooden panels is
Structure-wise, a typical painted surface consists of a substrate, a ground or primer, one or more paint
Conservation and restoration of maalipinnan address aging and degradation such as cracking, flaking, pigment separation, varnish
In research, scholars analyze maalipinnan using microscopy, spectroscopy, and imaging to identify pigments, binders, and surface