MRP3

MRP3, also known as Multiple and Proliferating Cell Type Resistance 3, is a protein belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. It is an efflux pump that plays a role in transporting various molecules out of cells. MRP3 is known for its broad substrate specificity, meaning it can transport a range of compounds, including certain drugs, toxins, and endogenous metabolites.

This transporter is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues, with particularly high levels found in the liver, kidney, and intestines. Its localization in these organs suggests a significant role in the elimination of xenobiotics and the regulation of endogenous compound levels. MRP3 is often found on the basolateral membrane of polarized epithelial cells, facilitating the transport of substances from the cell into the bloodstream or interstitial fluid.

The physiological functions of MRP3 are still being actively investigated. However, it is implicated in drug resistance in various cancers, where its overexpression can lead to reduced intracellular drug accumulation and decreased treatment efficacy. It also contributes to the detoxification processes in the body by excreting harmful substances. Research into MRP3 continues to explore its involvement in disease pathogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target.