MIMOlangattomat

MIMOlangattomat (MIMO wireless) is a term used in Finnish to describe wireless communication systems that utilize multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver. The main goals are to increase data throughput and improve link reliability without requiring additional spectrum or transmission power.

Core techniques include spatial multiplexing, which transmits independent data streams simultaneously to boost capacity; diversity, which sends redundant information to improve reliability in fading channels; and beamforming, which focuses energy in preferred directions to enhance signal quality and interference rejection. Effective MIMO relies on knowledge of the radio channel (channel state information) and signal processing at the receiver and, often, the transmitter (precoding).

MIMO is widely used in modern wireless standards. In Wi‑Fi, MIMO became standard with 802.11n and is further developed in 802.11ac and 802.11ax (Wi‑Fi 4, 5, 6). In mobile networks, MIMO plays a central role in LTE and 5G New Radio, including massive MIMO configurations that use many more antennas at base stations to boost capacity and coverage in dense environments.

Advantages of MIMOlangattomat include higher spectral efficiency, improved data rates, and better coverage in multipath environments. Limitations involve increased hardware complexity, cost, and power consumption, as well as the need for accurate channel estimation and potential performance loss when antennas are highly correlated or in line-of-sight with limited scattering. Practical deployments must balance antenna array size, spacing, and radio frequency front-end design.

See also: Massive MIMO and beamforming.