Mônaco

Mônaco, officially the Principality of Monaco, is a sovereign city-state and microstate located on the French Riviera in Western Europe. It is the second smallest independent state in the world, after Vatican City. Monaco is bordered by France on three sides and by the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Its capital is Monaco-Ville, located on a rocky promontory.

The principality is renowned for its luxurious lifestyle, picturesque scenery, and its status as a tax haven. Monaco's economy is heavily reliant on tourism, finance, and gambling, with the Monte Carlo Casino being a famous landmark. It is also known for hosting the annual Formula One Grand Prix of Monaco, a prestigious event in the motorsport calendar.

Monaco has a constitutional monarchy, with the Grimaldi family having ruled the principality for centuries. The official language is French, though Monégasque, Italian, and English are also spoken. The country has a very high population density and a high standard of living. Despite its small size, Monaco is a member of the United Nations and has a significant presence on the international stage. Its unique geopolitical position and economic prosperity make it a distinct entity in Europe.