Löögriski

Löögriski is a phenomenon primarily observed in the Baltic Sea region, particularly in the waters surrounding Estonia and Finland. It refers to the gradual, often imperceptible, degradation and alteration of submerged archaeological sites, especially shipwrecks. This process is driven by a combination of natural environmental factors and human activities.

The primary natural agents contributing to löögriski include the low salinity of the Baltic Sea, which slows down the typical decay processes caused by marine organisms like shipworms found in higher salinity waters. However, other factors such as sedimentation, changes in water currents, and biological activity from less destructive organisms still play a role. Over time, sediment can bury and obscure shipwrecks, altering their original form and context.

Human activities also contribute to löögriski. Bottom trawling by fishing vessels can physically damage or even destroy archaeological sites. Anchoring of boats, as well as underwater construction projects, can also cause disturbance. Furthermore, increased maritime traffic and recreational diving, while sometimes contributing to awareness, can also inadvertently lead to damage through physical contact or disturbance of the site.

The term "löögriski" itself is a portmanteau derived from Estonian and Finnish words related to "danger" or "risk" and "site" or "wreck." Awareness of löögriski has led to increased efforts in archaeological surveying, documentation, and the implementation of protective measures for vulnerable underwater heritage sites in the region.