Légtér

Légtér is the Hungarian term for airspace, referring to the portion of the atmosphere that is under a state’s sovereignty and designated for aviation. It covers the air above the country’s territory and, where applicable, its territorial waters, and is the space within which pilots must follow aviation rules and air traffic control. In practice, légtér is organized into layers and sectors, including controlled airspace such as control zones (CTR), terminal control areas (TMA), and other controlled en route airspace, as well as uncontrolled airspace. For international aviation, a key construct is the Flight Information Region (FIR), within which an air navigation service provider coordinates air traffic services.

Regulation and usage: Flying in légtér generally requires adherence to published procedures, filing flight plans (IFR) or obtaining clearances, maintaining radio communication, and ensuring separation from other aircraft. VFR operations are permitted in many areas but may be restricted in certain zones or times for safety or security reasons. Military, search and rescue, or other special activities may occur in restricted or specially designated airspace.

Governance: The administration of légtér is the responsibility of the country’s civil aviation authority and the national air navigation service provider, operating in line with international and European air traffic management standards. Cross-border flights involve coordination between FIRs and neighboring states. The concept of légtér is essential for safety, efficiency, and security, enabling predictable planning and controlled air traffic in national airspace.