Lämpösovitus

Lämpösovitus, often translated as thermal fitting or heat fitting, is a technique used to join components together by utilizing the expansion and contraction of materials with temperature changes. The core principle relies on the fact that most materials expand when heated and contract when cooled.

There are two primary methods: shrink fitting and press fitting. In shrink fitting, a component with a slightly smaller diameter is heated, causing it to expand. This expanded component is then slid over a cooler component with a slightly larger diameter. As the heated component cools, it contracts, creating a tight, interference fit with the inner component. This method is commonly used for assembling shafts, gears, and bearings.

Press fitting, also known as interference fitting or friction fitting, involves forcing two components together with a precise interference. One component is typically pressed into the other, relying on the elastic deformation of both parts to create a secure joint. While heat can be used to aid the process by expanding the outer part or contracting the inner part, the fitting is achieved through mechanical force. This technique is often employed in automotive applications for connecting press-fit bearings and bushings.

The success of lämpösovitus depends on careful selection of materials, precise control of temperatures and pressures, and accurate machining of the components to achieve the desired interference. This method is favored for its ability to create strong, durable joints without the need for welding or fasteners, which can introduce stresses or alter material properties.