Luupõletik

Luupõletik, also known as osteomyelitis, is an infection of the bone. It can affect any bone in the body, but it is most common in the long bones of the arms and legs, as well as the spine and pelvis. Luupõletik can occur in both children and adults, though it is more prevalent in children.

The infection can be caused by bacteria, fungi, or, less commonly, viruses. Bacteria are the most frequent culprits, often spreading to the bone through the bloodstream from an infection elsewhere in the body, such as a skin infection, urinary tract infection, or dental abscess. It can also occur when bacteria directly enter the bone, for example, through a deep wound, a fracture, or during surgery.

Symptoms of luupõletik can vary depending on the age of the affected individual and the severity of the infection. In children, common signs include fever, irritability, pain in the affected limb, and reluctance to move it. In adults, symptoms may include localized pain, swelling, redness, warmth over the affected bone, fever, and general malaise. In some chronic cases, there might be drainage of pus from an open sore near the infected bone.

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests to detect inflammation and infection, and imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans. Bone biopsy and culture may be performed to identify the specific causative organism.

Treatment for luupõletik usually involves a long course of antibiotics, either intravenously or orally, to eradicate the infection. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove infected or dead bone tissue, drain abscesses, or stabilize the bone. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications such as bone destruction, spread of infection, or chronic osteomyelitis.