Lungnablóðtappa

Lungnablóðtappa, often referred to as a pulmonary embolism (PE) in English, is a medical condition that occurs when a blood clot travels to an artery in the lung. These clots typically originate in the deep veins of the legs, a condition known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). When a piece of this clot breaks off, it can travel through the bloodstream, eventually lodging in the pulmonary arteries.

The consequences of a lungnablóðtappa can range from mild to life-threatening. The clot obstructs blood flow to a portion of the lung, preventing oxygen from reaching the bloodstream. This can lead to symptoms such as sudden shortness of breath, chest pain that may worsen with breathing, coughing (sometimes with blood), rapid heart rate, and lightheadedness or dizziness. In severe cases, it can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure and be fatal.

Risk factors for developing lungnablóðtappa include prolonged immobility, such as after surgery or during long travel, certain medical conditions like cancer and heart disease, hormonal therapies, pregnancy, and a history of blood clots. Diagnosis usually involves imaging tests like a CT pulmonary angiogram, as well as blood tests. Treatment typically involves anticoagulant medications to prevent further clot formation and dissolve existing clots. In critical situations, procedures to remove the clot or implant a filter in a major vein may be necessary. Prompt medical attention is crucial for a better prognosis.