LimbalSchädigung

Limbal Schädigung, also known as limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), is a condition affecting the cornea, the transparent outer layer of the eye. The limbus is the border region between the cornea and the sclera, the white part of the eye. This area contains limbal stem cells, which are crucial for regenerating the corneal epithelium, the outermost layer of cells that protects the eye and is responsible for clear vision.

Damage to the limbal stem cells can lead to a breakdown in the cornea's protective barrier. This can manifest as a range of symptoms including pain, redness, a gritty sensation, light sensitivity, and blurred vision. In more severe cases, the cornea may become opaque, leading to significant vision loss or even blindness.

Causes of limbal Schädigung are varied. Trauma, such as chemical burns or physical injury to the eye, is a common cause. Inflammatory conditions, infections, and autoimmune diseases can also damage the limbal stem cells. Certain genetic disorders and prolonged use of contact lenses have also been associated with LSCD. Surgical procedures on the eye can sometimes compromise the limbal stem cells.

Diagnosis typically involves a thorough eye examination, including specialized imaging techniques like corneal topography and in vivo confocal microscopy to assess the health of the limbal stem cells and the corneal epithelium. Treatment aims to restore the corneal surface and improve vision. This can range from lubricating eye drops and antibiotic ointments to more advanced interventions such as cultivated limbal stem cell transplantation. The prognosis depends on the severity and underlying cause of the damage.