Liitoslevyt

Liitoslevyt, commonly referred to as splice plates or connector plates, are metal plates used to join two or more structural members, most often in timber construction. They are flat or lightly formed steel plates with holes for bolts or screws, enabling transfer of shear, tension and compression across a joint. They are typically made from carbon steel and can be galvanized or stainless to resist corrosion.

Common types include flat splice plates for end-to-end beam joints, corner or angle plates for framing connections, and strap plates for reinforcing or stabilizing joints. The plates come in various thicknesses and hole patterns to suit different member sizes and load requirements. In timber applications, liitoslevyt work in combination with bolts or screws to distribute loads and reduce local bearing stresses on the wood.

Applications and use

Liitoslevyt are widely used in timber frame and laminated timber structures, including beams, columns, and truss connections. They are also employed in light steel and hybrid constructions where metal plates facilitate quick, repeatable connections. Design and installation follow structural engineering principles to ensure adequate load transfer and to prevent excessive bearing, plate bending, or member splitting.

Design considerations

Key factors include plate thickness, hole diameter and spacing, number of bolts, edge distance, and bearing area on the connected members. The installation must align members accurately, use appropriate fasteners, and avoid overtightening that could crush wood or deform the plate. Corrosion protection is important in exposed or outdoor locations.

Standards and guidance

In Europe and many jurisdictions, liitoslevyt are addressed within timber-structure connector standards and codes, such as EN 14592 and related EN 1995-1-1 guidelines, with country-specific amendments governing material specifications and load calculations.